Category: News

The inquiry of constructing the shed

The dimensions of the opening and the height are the most significant parts of the design that directly influence the price inquiry of the shed. These two items + the installation location of the shed are the most influential points in the price of each square meter of constructing the shed.

Dimensions of the shed – length of the shed – opening of the shed

We are required to determine the dimensions of the shed in order to inquire about the construction price of the shed.

Accordingly, we obtain an accurate price list

If no proper design is available in the construction of the shed, the following things will occur

It damages the economic productivity of constructing an inexpensive shed for the manufacturer and increases the cost of constructing the shed to the constructor

It is significant to know that: The shed price inquiry will be determined if the weight of steel utilized per square meter is calculated.

The weight of each square meter of the shed depends on the opening and height of the shed and the installation location. If the opening of the shed is larger, the weight of the consumed steel will be higher.

Consequently, the price per square meter to construct the metal structure of the shed is also increased.

 

Example

For example, if a shed is constructed in Tehran with a height of 6 meters and an opening of 20 meters, the weight of consumed steel in it will be 24 kilograms per square meter.

But if we plan to construct a shed with the same terms but with an opening of 30 meters, its weight will increase by 3 kg per square meter, consequently, the metal structure of the shed with an opening of 30 meters will be more costly compared to a structure with an opening of 20 meters.

But that it does not imply that you are required to construct your own shed with a smaller opening.

We have only discussed inquiring about the price of metal Scott sheds, not everything about the sheds.

Hence, please be with us because the content becomes extremely important.

If the opening of the industrial shed becomes larger and closer to the length of the industrial shed, the value of walls and foundations of the structure will be decreased and the total cost will be declined.

Height of the structure of the shed

The height of a shed also influences the cost spending on constructing the shed

If the height of a shed is higher, the value of the wind and earthquake loads will be more effective in it, and it is required to increase the weight of the consumed steel in order to achieve the standard strength.

Consequently, the price of the shed is also increased at the time of inquiring about the price of the structure. Of course, this issue is true on standard structures, not on cheap second-hand sheds on the market.

Designing light weight and inexpensive shed

It reduces the strength and stability of the structure and eventually, “causes irreversible fatal and financial events.

The stages of construction and ultimately execution are mainly and highly paid attention to in constructing the shed, and these two stages are more obvious.

There is a powerful shed design team including experienced shed design engineers in each shed construction.

It is required to have a design file of the shed structure in order to inquire about the price of the shed.

The relationship between the price of the shed and the design of the shed

Regardless of what the shed is and in which style is going to be applied, the design of the sheds must commonly be analyzed before construction, and this issue duplicates the significance of inquiring about the price of the shed. The issue indicating that the shed is second-hand or new does not make much difference in the importance of the design stage.

Tip

The defects in the map should be thoroughly examined and resolved, otherwise, maps will not be sent to produce parts.

The cause for being serious and rigor in the design of the shed

If there is the slightest problem and difference in the design and construction of the shed and is not solved, can cause serious problems in the next stages of the project based on constructing the light shed, which is to produce parts and install the shed and will be resulted in an interruption in the work and an increase in the cost of constructing the shed.

Types of structural design software (shed price query)

1- SAP software

SAP2000 software was introduced approximately three decades ago and civil engineering graduates are principally familiar with it.

This software is a product of CSI company, which meets nearly all the needs of the shed design and is utilized operationally in constructing the shed.

The lack of a design file in constructing a second-hand shed is the most prominent problem with purchasing a second-hand shed.

 

2- Tekla Structures

Tekla Structure software with the old name Xsteel is another software in the field of modeling industrial structures, including the design of sheds.

This software is applied in order to prepare shop drawing maps of different types of concrete structural and steel structural sheds.

It is possible to draw and design the items such as all components, including steel beams, columns, base plates, and steel braces using this effective software.

This software is effective in determining the price query of the shed before construction.

3- ETABS

This software is applied in order to design and also analyze the structure.

Powerful processors have been applied in this program which completely identify all components of the building and can separate sections from each other.

It is possible to design and analyze the elements such as steel or concrete frames, composite beams, main columns, and easily using this software in the design of the shed.

The influence of the installation area of ​​the shed in inquiring about the construction expense of the shed

The location of the shed is an extremely significant point in determining the price of the shed.

Items efficient in increasing or decreasing the weight of the shed

Snow load

Wind load

Earthquake load

Moisture and corrosion

The amount of each one is different in various regions and cities.

For example, according to the regulations and currently, the snow load in Tehran is 150 kg per square meter, but the snow load in Damavand is 200 kg per square meter, accordingly, constructing a shed in Damavand demand more money and is more expensive compared to inquiring about the price of constructing a shed in Tehran.

The cause to change the price of shed construction compared to each climate

Climatic variables increase or decrease snowfall or wind,

hence, we are required to know that these factors directly influence the increase or decrease in the cost of constructing a shed in each city.

For example, it is possible to construct a shed in Tehran by spending the cost less than the cost to spend on constructing a shed in Tabriz and it is due to the heavy snow and rain in Tabriz compared to Tehran.

Construction of inexpensive plate girder sheds and light sheds

Types of methods to construct shed

It is advised that you read the article on the types of truss sheds and the difference between light sheds and plate girder sheds.

Studying the methods without inquiring about the price of the shed enables you to obtain the approximate price of the types of sheds.

The various methods of constructing a shed are another influential factor in inquiring about the price of a shed.

As you know, sheds are constructed in various types.

It is possible that the type of shed be according to the customer’s preferences and opinions, that the buyer can provide a suitable shed on the advice of Ralco’s expert in this case.

 

Lightweight plate girder sheds:

If you plan to purchase a modern and inexpensive shed, we suggest a light plate girder shed.

These sheds with interesting and unbelievable capabilities play an important role in constructing steel structures.

Truss sheds include affordable costs and also have unique strength and durability. This high quality of the structure is caused by the unique design and construction method that they have.

Plate girder sheds can be made in any dimension.

The dimensions of the openings of these structures are also flexible and it is possible to apply them in cases where the dimensions of the openings of the shed should be wide.

Contact our experts at Ralco in order to inquire about the price of constructing a shed in 2021.

Industrial refrigerator rooms

Currently, it is felt that refrigerator rooms should be available in society more than ever due to the expansion of the population and the increasing requirement for food and medicine.

Because cold is the best way to preserve and extend the life of food.

Currently, it is vital and essential to construct refrigerator rooms in society and plays a significant role in the economies of the world.

 

History of refrigerator rooms

Humans used to do some works such as smoking, drying, and ……food to increase their lives.

History explains that China was the first country to realize that the cold increases the life of food and this issue results in forming refrigerator rooms in the world.

In the past, every country used cold in a special way to increase the life of food.

In Iran, food was stored in caves and cool basements or buried in cool ground.

The passage of time and the development of architecture in Iran enabled the people of that time to design and build refrigerator rooms or freezers.

 

Classifying refrigerator rooms based on social location

1- Public refrigerator room: It is considered as the most common and extensively used type of refrigerator room because this type of refrigerator room is frequently applied to store food, medicine, and… in a long time.

2- Custom refrigerator room: It is frequently applied to store food in a short time.

3- Production refrigerator rooms: This type of refrigerator room is developed to store special products such as apples, meat, agricultural products, and…

4- Transit refrigerator rooms: This category of refrigerator rooms is used in order to prevent the spoilage of products in situations such as customs where it is possible that the clearance time of goods to be extended.

5- Dedicated refrigerator rooms: These refrigerator rooms are frequently placed next to supermarkets, hospitals, restaurants, and… They also have a capacity of about 25 tons

 

The significance of refrigerator rooms

It is possible to refer to the smaller scale of refrigerator rooms, which means the refrigerators in people’s private homes to better understand this issue.

Imagine that you live in a house without a refrigerator.In this case, you cannot store your food for a long time. Furthermore, you make food vulnerable and have to throw most of it away in the short term.

These issues were just some of the problems with the lack of refrigerators in homes.Currently, imagine this issue on a larger scale.

According to the issues that were explained, we realize that constructing refrigerator rooms plays a significant role in the economies of countries.

The presence of refrigerator rooms in countries around the world increases the health of society and also eliminates inflation.

Industrial refrigerator rooms: Currently, it is extensively applied in different industries such as manufacturers, businesspeople, and…

Refrigerator rooms are mainly used in order to keep food and products for the short or long term.

Industrial refrigerator rooms are sometimes designed to be portable.

 

Types of refrigerator rooms

Home refrigerator rooms or refrigerators and freezers

Store refrigerator rooms

Commercial refrigerator rooms

Industrial refrigerator rooms

 

Constructing the shed of the refrigerator rooms

There are different types of refrigerator rooms that are classified based on their storage time and type of cooling, which are:

Temporary refrigerator rooms

Long-term refrigeration rooms above zero degrees

Freezing refrigerator rooms below zero degrees

It is required to pay attention to the type of use of the refrigerator room in order to design and construct a shed because there are different methods and materials.

But it is possible to refer to the best and most common type of sheds that is the plate girder sheds due to their high strength in order to construct a refrigerator room.

 

Total conclusion

It is possible to state to define the refrigerator room that it is told to the process of eliminating heat from an enclosed space or from material in order to reduce the temperature.

Contact us for consultation on the construction price of industrial refrigerator rooms.

Building structure

Building structure includes part of building mass which tolerates load and powers imported to the building and transmit them to the surrounding areas and supports the whole building and its material from these tensions and load. In fact, the most important purpose for using these structures is making a stable balance in the whole building.

When it is time to build and choose the needed material for building structure, a list of existing building methods including techniques such as wood to techniques such as the metal skeleton are popular and also techniques such as building earthen blocks and masonry are used in special projects.

Now how can you choose the material and building method suitable for your need? Let us first get familiar with common building principles.

Most buildings (whether residential or joinery) are built somewhere surrounded by a frame which provides the structure and building support. Framing usually is divided into two categories: heavy framing and light framing.

in heavy framings, big girders with heavy weights are used. And also steel frames which are commonly seen in skyscrapers and other huge joinery buildings. And the structure skeleton of the building made from wood or steel components are assembles piece by piece.

In other methods of constructing such as masonry (the building is formed with separate stones or bricks which are stuck together with mortar), reinforced concrete or unreinforced concrete (a liquid made of mixture of soil, sand, cement, and water), embankment blocks (building blocks made of compacted soil), and structural insulation panels(SIP)that can be used independently or with association to fame for building the house.

Metal structure10 in building structure

The metal structure is a type of metal structure which is made of metal components.it is built for bearing load and too much difficulty. Due to metal’s high level of strength, these structures are reliable. And in comparison to other types of structure such as concrete and wooden structures, they need less raw material.

In modern constructions, metal structures are also used in any type of structure such as heavy industrial buildings, they are used in all types of industrial structures, skyscrapers and towers, supporting equipment systems, types of infrastructures and also metal bridges, airport terminals, factories and industrial niches, etc.

The concrete structure in building construction

The concrete structures11 are types of structures in which materials such as reinforced concrete, and a mixture of sand, rebar, and cement are used and they are used in different parts of the structure.

Using or not using each of these structures is determined by different factors and it has its own advantages and disadvantages. Some people believe that using concrete structures is less expensive in comparison to metal structures but it’s false.

Depending on the effective features of every project, the metallic parts used in building structure may have different shapes and sizes, these factors in addition to the type of material will effect on the final cost of building structure. Each of methods of construction have their own especial advantages and by using a combination of these techniques and materials, most buildings will provide a comfortable and desirable environment for their residents.

For receiving free and also for inquiry about how to build building structure, industrial structures, light niches, and the price of building industrial niches you can call advisors of Foladkaran Rostami company.

The price of 1400 niche

The price of 1400 niche depend on different factors. The general factors which effect on the price of 1400 niche mostly relate to the used material and their quality. Generally, considering the factors which will be mentioned in following part and are effective in pricing of the niche, the price of every meter of this niche is changeable from 250 to 550 thousands tomans.

Considering that the price of 1400 niche relate factors like the price of iron, the workers’ wages, carriers of power, and increase of overload expenditure, the production companies with license are having loss and unfortunately, underground companies without any certificate don’t have any commitment to workers and employers and they are growing like mushrooms.

Unfortunately, in the new year, considering the record in production, the government without any support of industrialiser decided to increase the salaries 40% which resulted in an increase in price of raw material and production assistance in industry on niche construction and building metal structure.

We should consider that constructing niche and sustainability of this industry depend on production development. Because if there is no production in country, no construction of niche and structure will happen. And this factor causes breaking down and blocking this industry.

The installment and assembling 9000 tomans niche

According to the mentioned content we should know that the price of 1400 niche is associated with 50% growth in construction and installment12 and the price of assembling and installing a usual niche has reached 9000 tomans per kilo.

Unfortunately, with the lack of professional work force and the growth of false jobs with high profit has caused the increase in cost of human resources and it has leaded to increase of the price of 1400 niche. In the year that is so-called by the leader, the responsible benefactors should realize this slogan toward overcoming the production barriers through analyzing and overcoming the production barriers.

In the following section, we are going to explain the price of niche construction and the cases which are effective on this item, so follow us so that you can familiarize with these items.

The first stage in constructing the niche is designing, after confirmation of the design, you should receive the detailed invoice in which all used materials associated with their updated prices are mentioned from the niche constructing company. 1400 Niches

Our suggestion to you gentleman is that in the year 1400 don’t trust any constructing niche about the cost of niche construction. In this article we will teach you the ways of fraudulence in niche construction and cost of constructing niche so that without any advertisement you will be safe from the harm of scammers in niche construction industry, and instead of false reliability to every niche constructor, we suggest you to study this article so that you yourselves be completely familiarized with all rules and conditions of constructing 1400 Niches.

There is a series of approach with which the niche constructor company can decrease the cost of niche for his own benefit in other words to defraud about the cost of niche which includes the following:

some pipes exist in market which the niche constructors use to decrease the cost of niche, now where are these niches prepared from? In response we should say that the oil company sells some pipes which have long archaism or are fray. These pipes usually have too much diameter13 and their width is between 8 to and the niche constructors who unfortunately number of them is not few, buy these pipes with 50% under its actual price, cut it, and roll them out so that they are changed into a plate so they use it in building the niches but know this that the metals and steels like other equipment have limited life span and if they are old and fray, their life span is finished and using them again is not morally and principally correct and absolutely they are not confirmed by engineering system. 1400 Niches

Some metals exist in the market that are not pure and they have impurity which cause their cost to be lessened and unfortunately many niche builders use these metals for building niche and this is a big fraud which causes your niche to be performed with a lower quality. 1400 Niches

In every type of niche, its own especial materials should be used, but some niche builders use the plates which are not suitable for some niche For instance, 33st metal is used instead of 37st metal.

Be careful in the cost of 1400 niche, in contract that you make with the niche builder, all the material that is needed for your desirable niche should be mentioned: we name some of these materials for you which include windbreak, strat, the ceiling frame, the pillar frame, base plate, wall post, buying the using material, coloring, the connections of the niche structure, screws and seals, ……and finally is the installment of the niche in the location, that if only one of the components mentioned above doesn’t exist in the contract, the niche building company can ask the employer for an extra payment apart from what was mentioned in the contract, because it doesn’t exist in the contract and this is one of the other ways of defrauding by the building niche company which unfortunately is not fe

It is possible that the niche builder company had mentioned in the contract that it will use plates with 8 mills width but while building the niche they use plates with 7 mills width because the cost of plates with 7 mills width is less but in fact the niche builder company had received the price of 8 mills width plates which are more expensive, and practically, you will lose, but there is one solution for preventing this loss and the solution is this, at time of loading the niche pieces, one person as an observer from the employer be in the company to analyze the weight and quality of the piece 1400 Niches

Types of second-hand niche

There is a wrong belief among people and that is they believe economically speaking the second- hand niche is more economic but it is not so, but the second-hand niche is of plate girder type and that the plate girder niche is not only heavy but also it is more expensive which is not economic, it is better to say that the second-hand niche is a big lie and it has many disadvantages, by clicking on the divar second-hand niche you can read all the features of this type of niche and be aware of the fraud in this area. ralco

What is Niches

Niches are a type of metal structure which have an arc shape or gradient ceiling. And they are used for different functions such as factories, workshops, repair shops, and livestock. Salons and restaurants, amphitheaters, hangar. Refrigerator, cellar, some sport salons, etc. these structures are divided into different groups in terms of size, kind of construction, as well as connections.

Different niches and their functions

The grinder plate

They are of oldest these structures. These structures are very similar to truss type but different factors distinct these two kind of structures. In Iran, the construction of truss niches does not have a long term archaism but arrow plate structures have been used in industry of construction of niches in Iran for a long time. Steel is used for making them and currently, a lot of effort is made to decrease the cost of arrow plate niches by changing their designs.

Construction of niches in countries

One of the reasons that these types of structures are not used in other countries is that there are some limitations for their dimensions of aperture, the more the size of the aperture increase, heavier and wider plates should be used in their constructions, so that not only their weights increase extremely but also the cost of their construction will increase. The growth of aperture lessens safety and it is not possible to easily raise the aperture because of an increase in width of metal plates. Therefore, the use of arrow plate niches for structures with raised niches has been almost obsolete. But niches with lowered aperture, still have good functions and it is possible to decrease the final cost.

One of the most important differences of arrow plate niches and truss niches is that for constructing the truss structure exact engineering calculations should be done but for constructing arrow plate niches no especial calculation is needed and this has caused to use it for different functions for a long time.

It is also called truss. HHS truss niches is one of the most functional industrial niches type that a light niches or in them pillars and wide, monolith bars are constituted with standard profile truss connections. The use of these materials not only provides a good strength for the structure but also provides the facility of especial architecture and different shapes for designing the structure.

Final cost of truss2 niches

Their cost is less than other types of niches because they need lighter reinforcement and foundation. In roofs and wall of these structures, ceiling and mural panels, galvanized sheets with different isolators (Aluzinc, fiber glass) or brick and cement covers are used and that ceiling panels are the best option but they are more expensive and ceiling and brick cover is not effective any

more. These structures have many advantages that is why they are used a lot. Their final cost is less that other structures and the final cost of structure skeleton is less. Also, one of the most important feature of this structure is that there is no limitation for its aperture dimensions and it can tolerate extensive amount of weigh and pressure. Also, their design and operation needs shorter period of time and it is possible to install heavy and high tonnage derricks in this type of niches.

UBM

It is considered the newest of this type and its construction has been common in Iran. For their construction galvanized plates are used which are carried raw to the place of construction. There they are shaped and connected with roll forming machines. They are tunnel-like and their roof is quite arc-shaped. Steel is not used in their construction.so their cost is less than other types of these structures. But they have some limitations for making aperture, and they are not suggested for creating any functions. Heavy and high tonnage derricks can’t be installed in them. They are not suitable for other functions such as aviculture as well because their ceiling quality is of polyurethane that is attractor of microbe and bacteria and disinfecting them is not possible too.so if these structures are used for bestial functions, it can a great deal of damage and cause infection and illness to the animals in livestock. Exactly for this reason they are not also used for medical, health, and dietary functions.

Divisions of niches in terms of ceiling and aperture

In terms of their aperture niches are divided into different types such as polygon niches, arc shaped, single span (8), two openings (88), multi-span (888).

In ceiling cover of these structure different materials such as glass wool and fiber glass, sandwich puzzle, inanity, polycarbonate, galvanized plate, foam, rock wool, grid is used

Function of niches

The functions of niches except from large industrial productions also include small domestic niches such as keeping gardening or boating tools, small wooden niches, keeping forage in farms or even entertaining niches that include small, cotton-like space.

Price

Different factors involve in pricing such as the quality of the used material, dimensions, etc. For getting familiar with ways of calculating the price for construction of niches and effective factors on that you can read the article about pricing the construction of niches in this website or through calling us by using the advice of Ralko experts for choosing the best niches suitable for your desired use call us.

Components of niches

The components of niches are certain and they are calculated and designed part by part by engineers. The components of niches are as follows:

Bending frame3 with simple or tangly bearing including pillars, or trusses

Longitudinal rods which are mainly in form of can with pipe

Transverse rods which ceiling braces is part of them

Harness rods

A layer that in size of 6 to 7 meters exist in market.

Braces that are used in form of pre-stressed rebar or profile Flange stay

Her prowess which have the duty of conveying the crane load to pillar Ceiling cover

Walls

The main frame

Pillars and girders are so-called the main frame and also the main girder includes pillars and girder. the main girder4 also so-called kicked.

In our country, pillars and kicked include non-charter cross section. A change in height in term of bar is because of a change in anchor.

One of the points in loading is that because we enter the loads to structure in a linear way, its anchor will be sagittal.

The production of pillars and bar is that they are primarily in form of sheets and they are cut based on the segment and then they are welded to one another.

From the bottom, pillars are welded to pillar page and from the top they are welded to kicked. Of course in limited cases especially in terms of pipe segments, the welded connections are used.

The wall post pillars

The wall post pillars are included in minor pillars and they are placed in primary and final part of the niche for decreasing the level of wind catching of the major pillars and making mustaband* for the surrounding walls and also for connecting the entrance and exiting doors of the vehicles.

Lining

We can consider lining as the side support.

The longitudinal components are horizontal that connect two in row frames in multiple points in a symmetrical way. These components are often made with canes and pipes. These components cause the energy to convey from one frame to the other and connecting frames to one another, in

fact, lining as the side support cause the increase of member’s capacity which length is usually between 5 to 8 meters.

Flange stay

For preventing the side twisting of the bar wings in spots where the lowered wings is under pressure, the pressing wing is restrained to hader layer in frames part with help of flange stay which is made of cornerstone or sheet.

Important points in designing the niches

Heavy designed or made niches

Due to some reasons such as decrease in waste of sheets, more profit, or the feeling of unsafety about the niches that they will make, sometimes the creators are interested in making the cross- sections stronger than the presented design. For instance, they increase the height of the pillars or the number of bolts or they intensify their width or they increase the length of the bars. In the meantime, although the design is now stronger, some points should be considered:

According to the fact that the amount of power attraction in bending frame5 is based on a difficult matrix, and it is possible that by a segment becoming stronger more energy be attracted, according to this it is necessary to take

some control so that the empowerment of inner member energy in comparison to the seen energy isn’t dangerous. For instance, the attraction of more anchor to the ending parts of the bar may need larger twisters in connecting bars to pillars.

with welding and overstated intensification, the pillar’s footage with different stepheners can cause that attraction of anchor in a connection which is supposed to be joint and cause rupture in pillar footage or the sheet at bottom of the pillar or bolts or destruction of the foundation.

The prediction of niche for future

It is better to add an extra niche. Experience has showed that addition of a niche (twins or a small niche) to an existing niche or to a niche which is being designed usually not only won’t it add any additional load to it but also through considering its restrains and creating reversed anchor in its pillar, it will improve the situation in terms of tension and replacement.

But for niches which are supposed to be designed in a twins’ form or in multiple twins’ form or with a childish niche, but currently the employer wants to construct one of them, and later with financial support will construct the other parts, the case is different, and since during the years when the niche is used single, if it pressured by the pressure of maximum load of wind or snow that was designed for it, it may not have the seen function in design and be destructed.

In these cases, firstly, the single niche which is supposed to be designed should be separately modeled and analyzed and evaluated.

If the tension6 of the niche solely is more than the accepted limit, it is necessary to intensify it, but if simply in the single condition its replacement be extended from the accepted limit, to a certain extent which relies on the benefactor departments, and this measure depends on the devotion of the employer we can ignore its replacement.

Two or three-dimension analysis

The doctor preferred the two-dimension technique.

Mr. tahooni agree more with the three-dimension analysis.

The analysis of niche using three-dimension analysis becomes complicated and relies on the ceiling braces and even the pressuring members take energy.

For controlling the displacement of niche and the use of dependent capacity of the frame, the three- dimension model is needed.

In three dimensional model the first and the final frame in comparison to other frames and existence of wind pillars and shooting horseshoe portal and coil and even wall and the first and second frame having less distance can be used for minimizing the displacement. Badband can be used in first and last frame for their more restraint. The foundation of these two frames should be designed for more wind power.

According to the decrease of niches replacement, and with the decrease of effect of –p it is possible that the niche’s tensions become less than two-dimensional. But considering that the analysis may not be exact or may not function well, it is better not to use this method for decreasing the tension.

But solely this method can be used for displacement so that no especial danger is made.

In three-dimensional analysis for controlling niche’s displacement, it is better to limit the number to something like doubled size of allowed displacement size so that functionality of niche is assured.

In forms of two-dimension analysis, out of page tensions such as twisting resulting from longitudinal power of derrick or bending surrounding the weak orientations of the girder and pillars is not seen.

Types of coverage of niches ceiling

For constructing niches sandwich panels can be used in covering the ceiling and the walls. Depending on the type of use in the niches celling, three panels can be used as is explained below:

Using sandwich panel with polystyrene insulation foam7

Using the made panel made with galvanized sheet and fiber glass Using the made panel made with aluminum sheet

The three proceeding cases have their own advantages and disadvantages and each of them can be called ceiling sandwich panels because they have layered structures. For choosing among these three types for the ceiling of your niches our suggestion is the use of polystyrene sandwich panel. Polystyrene is the newest internal foam for panels which being refractory, being waterproof, spit and thermal standard insulation are of its advantages.